>
Start  
Therapy
areas
Formulations
Proteins,
peptides
Microscopy
Sci & Tech
Reviews
 
About...
 
 
 
EminTech
☰ MENU
 
 

Proteins and peptides

These molecules contain charged groups that are strongly influenced by pH, and also nonionic hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups.

Furthermore their configuration changes dependent on solution properties, and the groups that are exposed are then varied.

In short, formulating proteins and peptides require delicate considerations.

 
   
 
 
Space filling model of the peptide LL-37 obtained by X-ray scattering of crystalline material.
Structure from Li, X. et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc.128 (2006) 5776.
The amino acids are coloured according to their surface chemical properties.
Note that the peptide in aqueous solution will curl up and hide the more hydrophobic parts.
Amino acid colour codes
 
not polar, hydrophobic
 
   
aromatic hydrophobic
 
   
aromatic hydrophobic polar
 
   
acidic (anionic)
 
   
polar uncharged
 
   
basic (cationic)
 
   
basic aromatic
 
 
 
 

Some of EminTech's experience about protein properties comes from Paul Persson's employment as manager of the BioSurface Chemistry section at Novo-Nordisk A/S in Copenhagen, Denmark.

 
2021-12-15